Mohamad Ali Keshavarz, | | | Ali Nassirian, Manouchehr Anvar, 110 min And how did the boy set fire to his jacket to signal on a night when it was raining cats and dogs anyway? Was this a tall tale invented by the active imagination of a young boy? Under the watchful eye of the Ayatollah Khomeini, Iranian cinema was expected to suffocate a slow death, and yet unexpectedly it rose out of the ashes of the Revolution to become what, by the 1990s, was an internationally celebrated national cinema: the so-called New Iranian Cinema. Mohamad Ali Keshavarz, Fereydun Gole Abbas Kiarostami Mohammad Reza Aslani The Islamic Revolution of 1979 brought seismic changes to Iran, not least for women. | Ghassem is so obsessed with the game that he dedicates all his time to it, playing it when he should be at school, and trying to raise funds to sneak on the bus to Tehran to watch an important match live at the stadium. Hibibollah Safarian, | | It was upon seeing a film by Sohrab Shahid Saless (A Simple Event) that a young Abbas Kiarostami felt an artistic epiphany. Morteza Momayyez, A great introduction on art and in entertainment in Iran before the advent of cinema is provided in M. Ali Issari book: Cinema in Iran: 1900-1979 pages: 40 -67. | Comedy, Drama, An uproarious adoption of a popular novel by Iraj Pezeshkzad set in and around the family compound in early 1940s Tehran, marvelously rich in personality and incident. Mahin Shahabi, Stars: It is easy to imagine her own pain at not being able to see this son inspiring her empathetic tender gaze on the leper schoolchildren. The director includes himself in this examination of the imbalances of 1970s Iran — the onscreen version of Parviz, an impotent artist forced to compromise by taking official assignments, ends up guillotined but, instead of a head, a roll of 16mm film drops off. The Story is told by the... See full summary », Director: Stars: Following Gheisar, you can complete the double-bill of revenge films starring Behrouz Vossoughi by watching Tangsir, a more technically polished and more explicitly political film directed by Amir Naderi, who was actually part of the crew on Gheisar and would become a key figure of the ‘New Iranian Cinema’ in the 1980s with films like The Runner. Dariush Iran Nezhad, Jamshid Mashayekhi, 100 min Iran Culture Pre-Revolution Movies in Iran At every movie theater there was a dress code the women were not allowed to wear chadors guys had to dress more western Iran forbade passion plays the movies directors made movies of the Persian literature and ancient Persian mythology Some of the imagery is unforgettable: a whole army emerging out of the sea, trees bleeding like martyrs, and the proudly defiant figure of Susan Taslimi as Tara torn between her life in the present and this visitor from another world with whom she gradually falls in love. The world tends to look at Iran in the context of pre-revolution and post. Armed with a new sense of possibility, Kiarostami soon after made The Traveller, his debut feature, about Ghassem, a young schoolboy in a provincial town. Masud Kimiai Naser Malek Motiee, Iranian cinema was anything but limited to poetry and humanism, although both elements existed in some of the pre-revolutionary arthouse films. Pre-Revolution Iranian Cinema . Drama, Romance, Nayer is a young orphan girl who lives with her aunt Efat and is pregnant from Morteza who is a skint and careless about his life. ʻIshqī, " Tazād-hā-yi Ijtimā'ī dar Fīlm-i Pustchī, " 49. | And despite few people knowing about it, it easily deserves a place alongside the best modernist and existentialist of Sixties world cinema. Bahram Beizai Mehdi Montazar, The title character, ... See full summary », Stars: His sister has been raped and subsequently committed suicide. Best Iranian Movies Before 1979-Revolution. Farhang Amiri, A man from village goes to city, to find a job and marry a wife. Documentary, Director: If you were under the impression that Iranian cinema’s tradition for self-reflexive films blurring the boundaries between fiction and documentary began with Abbas Kiarostami and Mohsen Makhmalbaf, this half-hour pseudo-documentary has news for you. Reza Karam Rezai, | Others still stated there was no train at all, it had been halted many stations back on a flood warning. Jamshid Mashayekhi, Change ), You are commenting using your Facebook account. Available to watch on Youtube w/ English subs: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1XeM2wKkz1w. One is set in a public bath-house where the murder in the shower cubicle clearly nods to Hitchcock’s Psycho, the second in an abattoir, and the finale among deserted train tracks, the end of the line. Jafar Vali, 92 min Director: | Mr. Mavadat in a party in his garden gets poisonous and his friends have to take him to doctor Hatam. And no wonder, for this tale of a young naive man who comes to the city to seek medical treatment for his ailing elderly father was as direct an indictment of the rotten core of Iranian society under the Shah’s regime as was ever made. Stars: Drama, For more than three decades, aging Iranian Mohamad Sardari (Zadour Bonyadi) has worked as a crossing guard at a desolate train station. | Never a miserable social-realist film, Mehrjui’s strange picaresque tale uses Buñuelian touches and tonal shifts in its capture of the capitalist cycle of societal vampirism. 89 min An impotent,nervous,unbalanced postman, having a beautiful wife, lives in his master s house. | Available to watch (unrestored version) on Youtube w/ English subs: Available to watch on Youtube w/ English subs: The idea of the tough guy, who has to prove himself and his masculine honour through physical action, is a long-existing archetype in Iranian culture. 20 min Nuri Kasrai, What’s more, in the character of his loyal schoolmate Akbar, Ghassem is neglecting something far more immediate and worthwhile than faraway football fixtures: true friendship. Alongside the films of director Farrokh Gaffary, which I’ve not yet been able to track down, this debut feature by Ebrahim Golestan (which I already wrote about in more detail here) stands as the first attempt at art cinema in Iran. Jamshid Mashayekhi, Available to watch on Youtube w/ English subs split into four videos: Part 1, Part 2, Part 3, Part 4. He goes... See full summary », Director: His sister Aghdas is pregnant and her husband is away in Kuwait, so they ... See full summary », Director: Recently have been released from jail, Ebi makes a bet with his Friend that he goes and drinks in seven bars without even paying any money. Drama, Darvish Khan a deaf and mute man who is a shepherd lives with his family in the desert. Some believed the boy a hero, but just as many claimed he had done nothing at all. Director: Hossein Mansouri, 126 min Mahin Shahabi, Stars: 1. | Mohammed Zamani, 93 min Stars: When awake he finds a stone and carry it ... See full summary », Director: He has an enemy, however, named Kaka Rostam, a mean and spiteful ... See full summary », Director: Director: Parviz Fanizadeh, She ... See full summary », Director: Those people who remained in the state challenged the novel fashion of moral and religious censorship of culture. Khosrow Haritash Stars: Davoud Rashidi, Ezzatolah Entezami, Ezzatollah Ramazanifar, 124 min Abbas Kiarostami Drama. Shohreh Aghdashloo, 71 min Drama, Romance, Bita is a young girl who lives with her parents. Amin Tarokh, See titles to watch instantly, titles you haven't rated, etc. Available to watch on Youtube w/ French subs: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0v3xRyanI6Y. Yet the pre-Revolution Iranian cinema remains largely unknown in the west, and in this latest list I propose some discoveries for the adventurous cinephile to begin filling this gap. Darvish Khan Esfandiarpoor, Not Rated Works Cited Dabashi, Hamid. Despite this late start, the Iranian feature film indus-try caught up and in the 1960s and 1970s, during the reign of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, produced a wide vari- The result was a marvel of documentary filmmaking distilled through her poetic sensibility for words (through the voiceover) and command of rhythm (in the editing of the images she captured). Under the watchful eye of the Ayatollah Khomeini, Iranian cinema was expected to suffocate a slow death, and yet unexpectedly it rose out of the ashes of the Revolution to become what, by the 1990s, was an internationally celebrated national cinema: the so-called New Iranian Cinema. Elsewhere, a group of fourth-wall-breaking Mongols wander the desert continually trying to escape Kimiavi’s film and calling into question his cinematic talents. Before the Islamic Revolution in 1979, Iran's cinema industry was known for producing popular movies that were mostly thrillers, melodramas and musicals. It came about as the culmination of decades of popular discontent mixed with economic turmoil and an increasingly repressive regime. | Behrouz Vossoughi, Ali, once himself the exploited, is corrupted into the exploiter with horrific ease, profiting from those who were once as needy as him. But they had not reckoned for the lengths Gheisar would go to for retribution. Films were among the forms of art considered forbidden (haram), and for many pious families going to the cinema was tantamount to committing a sin. How were Iranian women, Like Amir Naderi, he moved into an American-based exile after the Revolution, but perhaps more than any filmmaker Beyzai’s work is deeply rooted in Iran’s cultural memory, its myths, its poetry, its folk tales. It remains a true testament to the resilience and industrious nature of the Iranian people and serves as a veracious voice through which Iran can tells its varied and compelling stories. The subject was a leper colony in northwestern Iran. Behrouz Vossoughi, Over 41 years ago, the nation of Iran underwent a seismic shift. Dariush Mehrjui Where possible, I’ve added free links to watch these films, so you can have your very own classic Iranian cinema season. Farokh Ghafari “Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi.” ↵ Sadia Rafique and Khalid Manzoor Butt, “Position of Women in Iran: An Analysis of Pre and Post Islamic Revolution 1979,” South Asian Studies 32 (2017): 431-439. The period leading up to Iran's Islamic Revolution was a time of major upheaval and reform. She had already published three volumes by the time the producer and filmmaker Ebrahim Golestan. Drama, Mystery, Ali's land which he inherited is usurped by his aunt. Hajir Dariush Ali Nassirian, | Star: Stars: However since they have no money, Ali ... See full summary », Director: Valiyollah Shirandami, Ali Nassirian, Sohrab Shahid Saless Googoosh, Kimiavi’s style is allegorical, experimental, surreal, never short of striking imagery, and burrows deep into the Iranian cultural psyche. In the boat is a wounded man Ayat who can not remember what had happened to him. | Bas relief is a method of sculpting which entails carving or etching away the surface of a flat piece of stone or metal. As always Kiarostami draws exquisitely natural performances from his young actors, and his gaze is compassionately with Ghassem — indeed the way Ghassem ‘directs’ the other children during the photo-shoot sequence suggests there is plenty of Kiarostami himself in the boy — but Kiarostami does not simplistically load all the narrative stakes in Ghassem’s favour. Hooshang Kavoosi, an Iranian film critic first used term Filmfarsi to point to Iranian popular films before revolution Tell us what you think about this feature. But think also about what was happening in Iran at the time: just as the Shah was bombastically promoting his ego-driven campaigns of so-called modernisation and urbanisation, Shahid-Saless instead focuses with restraint and minimalism on the desolation of Iranian village life. The film follows him for about 24 hours, as he confusedly attempts to search for the missing mother, then seeks help from friends, from the police, from his girlfriend Taji, but no clear answers are forthcoming. | Drama, Romance, Desiderium lyrically charts the hapless loves of three brothers: Majid, the young handicapped brother with a deformed head who falls in love with Aghdas, a prostitute hired by his eldest ... See full summary », Director: Ali Mirza, 88 min | Albert Lamorisse Describe and give examples of the major phases of Iranian art. Available to watch on Youtube w/ English subs: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YRSzJaBgJKE. Drama, After the death of the landlord of the village, his European wife demands the land of Baba Sobhan but his two sons who farm there are refusing. Jamshid Layegh, Stars: But here Beyzai renders the spirit of Iran as something that surivives beyond any of the oppressive but temporary regimes Iran has faced. | Forugh Farrokhzad, | Alireza Davoudnejad Saeed Rad, Bahram Beizai Shohreh Aghdashloo, Parviz Fanizadeh, The Iranian Revolution marked the downfall of the despotic corrupt regime of the Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, and Iran’s transition from secular dictactorship to fundamentalist Islamic dictatorship. Ebrahim Golestan It was upon seeing a film by Sohrab Shahid Saless (, Like Sabzian in Kiarostami’s 1990 boundary-blurring masterpiece, No overview of Iranian cinema before the Revolution (nor after it for that matter) would be complete without a film by the great Dariush Mehrjui. Fakhri Khorvash, Parviz Fanizadeh, Kurosh Afsharpanah, Team sports were introduced from the West in the 20th century, the most popular being rugby football and volleyball. | Pre-revolutionary Iranian cinema (Persian: سینمای قبل از انقلاب ایران) contains films and cinematic events made in Iran before Iranian revolution era. Pare Gol Atashjameh, Bita is in love with an open minded young reporter Korush and ... See full summary », Director: One gets the feeling that this one might just be the (premeditated) Iranian reply to Scorsese’s Taxi Driver (1976). Minoo Abrishami, Drama, Romance, Thriller, Dash Akol is greatly respected in Shiraz as an honorable man who has lost his family's money through helping his friends. This is a list of the 15 essential Iranian films of all time. Drama. It will isolate major thematic patterns which characterize the unique identity of Iranian women’s cinema. Stars: Gheisar is the titular hero/anti-hero played by Iranian cinema icon Behrouz Vossoughi. Available to watch (unrestored version) on Youtube w/ English subs: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X-gfNZqKULw, The Night it Rained (Kamran Shirdel, 1967). Mehdi Hashemi, Comedy, Drama. Bahman Forsi, 111 min Drama. | One telling scene, in which his wiser uncle attempts to appease him from his reckless course, clearly shows the older man reading Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh, the great national epic of Iran in which the original tough-guy warriors implement their strength with more personal discipline than the doomed Gheisar. Star: I’ve chosen 10 films, all made before the Iranian Revolution, and by 10 different fillmmakers. Jamshid Mashayekhi, 99 min Golestan all but gave up filmmaking after the Revolution, but he left us a unique masterpiece of paranoia, fear, responsibility and human existence. Ali Hatami Ezzatolah Entezami, | After graduating from the Centro Sperimentale film school in Rome, Kamran Shirdel returned to Iran and was commissioned by the Ministry of Arts and Culture to make a documentary about a local news story: a village boy had supposedly saved a train from imminent disaster by alerting it to a collapsed bridge. Mahnaz Davoudnejad, 120 min Parvaneh Massoumi, | Forugh Farrokhzad He sticks around to try and ... See full summary », Director: The first lady of a noble house has died and now there is conflict between the remainders for taking over her inheritance. It is not hard to see why, because he was the first to break off Iranian cinema’s dependence on narrative drama, creating gently observed films in which little happens but upon greater scrutiny contain philosophical and emotional riches. | Behrouz Vossoughi, | Here is a film with the meditative stasis of Ozu, the ascetic purity of Bresson, and the distilled temporality of Tarkovsky, exemplifying the rich variety of 1970s Iranian cinema. Fourouzan, Saeed Kangarani, Zadour Bonyadi, Naser Taghvai ... A well educated and humble teacher arrives in a new city and at a new job in the pre-revolutionary Iran. The House is Black (Forough Farrokhzad, 1962). Googoosh, Right on the eve of the Revolution, Bahram Beyzai made one of the many gems of his film career. Ali, the young man at the centre of the film, soon finds out that there is no hope of his father getting any help without money, and to get money he has to descend into a vicious cycle of survival and exploitation. Manoucher Ahmadi, The poster for the pre-Revolution movie Salome has all the essential aspects of a typical filmfarsi movie poster. For as Tara will soon find out, it is a sword that belonged to an ancient Persian warrior whose ghost returns to the present and insists on remaining near his trusty weapon. | It should also be mentioned that the beautiful Iranian cinema of present days is the result of a tradition evolved in the pre-revolution time period. | Arguably more famous and celebrated in Iran than Kiarostami was, Mehrjui is best known in the west for The Cow (1969), a realist rural fable of one man’s descent into bovine folly after his beloved cow dies. Director: Mahmoud Behrouzian, Jaleh Sam, Change ). Under the watchful eye of the Ayatollah Khomeini, Iranian cinema was expected to suffocate a slow death, and yet unexpectedly it rose out of the ashes of the Revolution to become what, by the 1990s, was an internationally celebrated national cinema: Forough Farrokhzad stands as one of the great feminist poets anywhere in the 20th century. … Fakhri Khorvash, Jafar Vali, Iran Culture (Pre-Islamic Revolution) =) Describe some major iranian movies, including there plot and directors In 1930 the first iranian slient film was made by proffessor (Ovanes Ohanian) called Hawii Agha. Daring to do what others only dream of, he digs up his trusty old rifle to wreak bloody revenge on figures who are obvious stand-ins for the wider social injustices of the Shah’s contemporary Iran, despite the film being set in the nominal past of the 1930s. Enayat Bakhshi, 83 min An old villager deeply in love with his cow goes to the capital for a while. Even then, the owner of the theater was arrested … Manuchehr Farid. Stars: Director: Sohrab Shahid Saless Perhaps 1970s Iranian cinema stands as testament to the hubristic delusion of the Shah that everything was fine in his nation, when in fact all signs were pointing otherwise. In movies, the myth of the Iranian tough guy found its apogee in Masud Kimiai’s cult revenge classic, Gheisar is the titular hero/anti-hero played by Iranian cinema icon, With the look of an adventure epic, the righteous anger of a brutal vendetta story recalling the first episode of. It is a cumulatively powerful tale of transition and change. IRAN HAS A long history of cinema The first Iranian documentary was filmed in 1900, the first public theater opened in 1904, and the first feature film was released in 1930. Hanging out in a pool hall, Ali Khoshdast becomes involved in a brawl with three brothers, and accidently kills one of them. Masud Kimiai At first he runs errands in the decaying hospital, an institution that could be straight out of Kafka, where the storage basement substitutes for a morgue and the doctors play sex games with the nurses. Drama, Davoud Najafi lives with his father Rahman who is the custodian of a small company and his disabled brother Ne'mat. He has escaped the military service several times. Anik Shefrazian, The Islamic Revolution cinema is miles away from that of the Pahlavi era Mohsen Ali-Akbari is one of the most well-known producers of Iranian cinema who said in a media interview of the differences between pre- and post-revolutionary cinema, noting that “the growth of Iranian cinema after the Islamic Revolution is quite tangible …. Stars: The two filmmakers could not be more different however: Kimiavi was the modernist Godardian iconoclast, while Shahid-Saless was a master of quiet and observational Chekhovian tales. Ali Nassirian, Shohreh Aghdashloo, 140 min | Iran cinema made a name for its self by pre-revolutionary directors and actors and later on great directors and famous actors and actresses found their feet on international red carpets around the world such as Leila Hatami, Shahab Hosseini, Asghar Farhadi, Ali Hatami and dear Abbas Kiarostami. Mary Apick, “Iranian Revolution.” ↵ Encyclopaedia Britannica, July 2018, s.v. Masoud Faghih, 91 min | He sells flowers for living but one night outside the city he meets a strange woman who seems to running away from some people. Pouri Baneai, In movies, the myth of the Iranian tough guy found its apogee in Masud Kimiai’s cult revenge classic, Gheisar, a film which revolutionised commercial genre cinema in Iran. Fakhri Khorvash, The Ballad of Tara is a magic realist allegory centred on a young widow, Tara, who finds an ancient sword in her dead grandfather’s belongings. Aqa Seyyed, Iranian Cinema: Before the Revolution by Shahin Parhami Volume 3, issue 6 / November 1999 20 minutes (4820 words) In recent years, post-revolutionary Iranian cinema has been praised in many international forums. A widow... See full summary », Director: Stars: Stars: Stars: Like Sabzian in Kiarostami’s 1990 boundary-blurring masterpiece Close Up, Ghassem is desperate to transcend an existence which offers little solace. In just over 20 minutes of duration, Farrokhzad offers us a new way of looking. Habib Safaryan, 114 min Useless as it is to her, she trades it with another fellow villager — but he brings it back the next day, terrified of this mystical sword with hidden powers. Shahname or Book of kings a vast epic based on pre-Islamic history and mythology by poet Ferdausi (10 century CE) in verse form. Gholamhossein Naghshineh, With enigmatic irony and playful reflexivity, Shirdel collages what should have been a straightforward assignment into a Rashomon-esque investigation into the relativity of truth and film’s tenuous hold over it. She related so naturally to these neglected, cast-off human beings because she herself felt so deeply what it was like to be a pariah, socially stigmatised as a ‘promiscuous’ woman — her poetry is haunted by her marks of shame and her guilt at being forced to leave behind her son when divorcing his father. Parviz Kimiavi A grade-school-age boy, neglected by his parents, lies, cheats, and steals to accumulate enough money to afford a bus ride to a large city and a ticket to see his favorite soccer team play.
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